Null hypothesis
The null hypothesis is a fundamental concept in Statistical inference, which assumes that there is no significant difference or relationship between variables, and is used as a basis for testing alternative hypotheses. It is often denoted as H0 and is used to test the validity of a claim or hypothesis. The null hypothesis is used in various fields, including Science, Medicine, and Social sciences, to determine whether the results of a study are due to chance or if they are statistically significant. The process of testing a null hypothesis involves formulating an Alternative hypothesis and using Statistical tests to determine whether the data supports the null hypothesis or the alternative hypothesis. This concept is closely related to Hypothesis testing and P-value, which are used to evaluate the strength of evidence against the null hypothesis.